Kinetico KUBE Manuel De L'utilisateur page 29

ATTENTION: the brine line is under pressure when
in service. Please check carefully that there are
no leaks in the brine line during water teatement.
Regeneration degree and capacity:
The exchange capacity is the quality of the hardness
that a certain resin volume can retain before getting
exhausted. This valve is usually expressed as ºHFXM3.
The higher the resin volume of the system is, the higher
will be the quantity of hardness that can be retained
before the resin gets exhausted.
2.1. WORKING FLOWS RATES
Please see the minium and maximum flow rates indi-
cated in the "Technical Specifications" section. If the
working ranges are outside the recommended ranges,
the proper operation of the system will be affected (ex-
cessive loss of charge , hardness leakage, etc.).
2.2. HARDNESS LEAKAGE
The ion exchange process may be affected by differents
factors, which can reduce its efficiency and cause a
certain level of hardness leakage.
High sodium concentration on water to be treated. This
may interfere in the exchange process.
Excessive flow rates. Since there is not enough contact
time, some of the hardness may not be retained by the
resin.
2.3. RESIDUAL HARDNESS
Depending on the final use of treated water, it may be
necessary to obtain fully softened water or, on the con-
trary, it may be desirable to leave some residual hard-
ness.
This system has been designed to supply fully softened
water, but the by-pass integrates a resifual hardness
mixer, which allows the regulation of desired hardness
degree in treated water (see " Section 7").
ATTENTION: for human consumption water, it is
recommended in most cases, to have a residual
hardness between 5 and 8 ºHF if pipes are made of
copper, and between 8 and 10 ºHF if they are made of
iron (for the latter, it is also recommendewd to install
a silicopolyphosphates filter afterwards).
2.4. SODIUM INCREASE
Most of the sodium we consume on a daily basis comes
from food, salt is an excellent preservative and is used
as an addictive in prepares products. Sodium consump-
tion through the water we drink is rather low when
compared with that obstained from food.
ATTENTION: as mentioned above, water softeners
reduce the Calcium and Magnesium concentra-
tion in water by replacing it for Sodium. They in-
crease the sodium level in water.
The maximum recommended sodium level in water for
human consumption is of 200 ppm. Depending on the
sodium concentration and the hardness of the water to
be treated, it is possible that softened water contains
a higher concentration of sodium than that recommen-
ded.
Should this be the case, or if water is to bev consumed
by persons who rwecommended to install a household
reverse osmosis system to drink the water. The table
below can be used as a guidline to know the increase
on sodium concentration in treated water depending
on the entry hardness:
INITIAL HARDNESS
IN WATER (ºHF)
10
15
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
SODIUM ADDED
BY SOFTENER
(mgNa/l)
43
65
108
130
152
173
195
217
260
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