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Equalize Charging
WARNING: Explosive Risk!
Equalizing flooded battery would produce explosive gases, so well ventilation of battery box
is recommended.
CAUTION: Equipment damage!
Equalization may increase battery voltage to the level that damages sensitive DC loads.
Verify that all load allowable input voltages are 11% greater than the equalizing charging
set point voltage.
CAUTION: Equipment damage!
Over-charging and excessive gas precipitation may damage the battery plates and activate
material shedding on them. Too high an equalizing charge or for too long may cause dama-
ge. Please carefully review the specific requirements of the battery used in the system.
Some types of batteries benefit from equalizing charge on a regular basis, which is able to
stir electrolyte, balance battery voltage and accomplish chemical reaction. Equalizing charge
increases battery voltage, higher than the standard complement voltage, which gasifies the
battery electrolyte.
The controller will equalize the battery on 28th each month. The constant equalization
period is 0~180 minutes. If the equalization isn't accomplished in one-time, the equalization
recharge time will be accumulated until the set time is finished. Equalize charge and boost
charge are not carried out constantly in a full charge process to avoid too much gas precipi-
tation or overheating of battery.
NOTE:
1) Due to the influence of ambient circumstance or load working, the battery volta-
ge can't be steady in constant voltage, controller will accumulate and calculate the
time of constant voltage working. When the accumulated time reach to 3 hours, the
charging mode will turn to Float Charging.
2) If the controller time is not adjusted, the controller will equalize charge battery
once every month following the inner time.
Float Charging
After the Constant voltage stage, the controller will reduce charging current to Float Voltage
setpoint. This stage will have no more chemical reactions and all the charge current trans-
forms into heat and gas at this time. Then the controller reduces the voltage to the floating
stage, charging with a smaller voltage and current. It will reduce the temperature of the
battery and prevent the gassing and charging the battery slightly at the same time. The pur-
pose of Float stage is to offset the power consumption caused by self consumption and small
loads in the whole system, while maintaining full battery storage capacity.
In Float charging stage, loads are able to obtain almost all power from solar panel. If loads
exceed the power, the controller will no longer be able to maintain battery voltage in Float
charging stage. If the battery voltage remains below the Recharge Voltage, the system will
leave Float charging stage and return to Bulk charging stage.
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INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
GENERAL INSTALLATION NOTES
• Please read the entire installation instructions to get familiar with the installation steps
before installation.
• Be very careful when installing the batteries, especially flooded lead-acid battery. Please
wear eye protection, and have fresh water available to wash and clean any contact with
battery acid.
• Keep the battery away from any metal objects, which may cause short circuit of the
battery.
• Explosive battery gases may come out from the battery during charging, so make sure
ventilation condition is good.
• Ventilation is highly recommended if mounted in an enclosure. Never install the controller
in a sealed enclosure with flooded batteries! Battery fumes from vented batteries will
corrode and destroy the controller circuits.
• Loose power connections and corroded wires may result in high heat that can melt wire
insulation, burn surrounding materials, or even cause fire. Ensure tight connections and
use cable clamps to secure cables and prevent them from swaying in mobile applications.
• Lead-acid battery and lithium battery are recommended, other kinds please refer to the
battery manufacturer.
• Battery connection may be wired to one battery or a bank of batteries. The following
instructions refer to a singular battery, but it is implied that the battery connection can be
made to either one battery or a group of batteries in a battery bank.
• Multiple same models of controllers can be installed in parallel on the same battery bank
to achieve higher charging current. Each controller must have its own solar module(s).
• Select the system cables according to 5A/mm2 or less current density in accordance with
Article 690 of the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70.
PV ARRAY REQUIREMENTS
Serial connection (string) of PV modules
As the core component of PV system, controller could be suitable for various types of PV
modules and maximize converting solar energy into electrical energy. According to the open
circuit voltage (Voc) and the maximum power point voltage (VMpp) of the MPPT controller,
the series number of different types PV modules can be calculated. The below table is for
reference only.
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