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Setting the amount of CO
2
(number of bubbles)
5. The right amount of CO
2
For magnificent plant growth, DENNERLE recommends a CO
level in the
2
aquarium of between 15 and 30 mg/l, whereby 20 to 25 mg/l is
ideal.
The number of bubbles per minute required to achieve this CO
depends on a number of factors (types of plants used, water current, sur-
face area/volume ratio, etc.). This is why it is always necessary to deter-
mine the CO
amounts for each aquarium individually
2
6. Setting the number of bubbles
Rule of thumb for the basic setting*: start with approx. 10 bubbles per
minute per 100 l of aquarium water, i.e. for a 200-l aquarium, for exam-
ple, use 2 x 10 = 20 bubbles per minute.
Adjust the CO
supply to the desired CO
content in small steps spread over
2
2
several days. Please note: The more vigorously the surface of the water is
set in motion (e.g. by filters, additional aeration), the more CO
expelled from the aquarium again
• Turn setting screw for operating pressure
on the pressure reducer slowly towards
" + " , until the operating pressure is set
to approx. 1 bar.
• Slowly open the needle valve, initially
only very slightly, until the first bubbles
issue from the opening of the CO
of the Flipper.
• Set the desired number of bubbles on
the needle valve:
- Turn in clockwise direction to reduce
+ +
- -
the number of bubbles
- Turn in anti-clockwise direction to
increase the number of bubbles.
Please note: There is always a certain delay before the number of bub-
bles changes in response to adjustment of the needle valve. The num-
ber of bubbles should thus be set with due care.
• Check the number of bubbles regularly in the first few days, correcting
as necessary. After this initial period it is generally sufficient to check the
number of bubbles once a week.
• Refit protective cap on needle valve.
7. CO
long-term test Correct for simple control of CO
2
The CO
long-term test Correct enables continuous, exact control of the CO
2
content in the aquarium.
The colouring of the special CO
indicator varies according to the CO
2
tent: from • blue = not enough CO
through • green = ideal CO
2
to • yellow = too much CO
.
2
The level of CO
in the aquarium can be read directly from the colour mat-
2
ching scale in milligrams per litre.
The test shows the correct CO
content at all times by means of the speci-
2
al CO
indicator developed by DENNERLE. The test remains unaffected by
2
any other acids in the aquarium water, e.g. humic acids, and any changes
in carbonate hardness resulting from an increase in water hardness, evapo-
ration or a change of water!
16
What's what
content
2
will be
2
Mounting bracket
Bottom part of test container
Top part of test container
Longlife suction clip
Conical reflector
Special CO
O-ring
Colour matching scale
Clasp
Installation procedure
tube
2
for the CO
long-term test Correct
2
• Remove test container from clasp. Pull
11
off top part of test container.
• Take an ampoule of special CO
12
tor and ensure that there is no indicator
in the neck of the ampoule! For this pur-
pose, shake the indicator down to the
bottom of the ampoule (in the same
manner as a thermometer is shaken
before taking someone's temperature).
content
Open ampoule by twisting off the sea-
2
13
ling tab.
2
con-
• Drip the entire contents of the ampoule
2
content
into the top part of the test container.
2
14
• Slot bottom part of housing including
conical reflector into the top part. Check
that the O-rings are fitted correctly!
15
16
17
the CO
content after a delay of several hours. You should therefore always
2
increase the supply of CO
indicator
2
2
ideal CO
content is attained.
2
Use as a long-term pH test
The pH value in an aquarium is determined primarily by the carbonate
hardness and the level of CO
dissolves in the water. Provided that there are no other substances in the
water which will have a substantial influence on the pH level (e.g. major
quantities of humic acids or nitrate, pH plus / pH minus preparations etc.),
the DENNERLE CO
long term test can also be used to monitor the pH value
2
in the aquarium. For this purpose, you must:
18
indica-
2
Measure the carbonate hardness regularly and always use an appropriate
colour scale.
8. If you're keen to know more:
How to calculate the CO
As certain correlations apply between CO
and pH value, the CO
content in the water can be calculated as follows:
2
• Measure the carbonate hardness of your aquarium water.
• Read the pH value which corresponds to the desired CO
the table. You should set this pH value +/- 0.1 by adjusting the num-
ber of bubbles accordingly.
Example: Carbonate hardness 4 °d, recommended pH 6.8 +/- 0.1.9.
• Turn test container carefully and insert
Too much
container in clasp.
KH 6,3 6,4 6,5 6,6 6,7 6,8 6,9 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 7,4 7,5
2
32
3
48
4
64
5
80
• Use the suction clip to secure the CO
2
6
96
long-term test in an upright position at a
7
111 89
clearly visible point in the aquarium
8
127 101 80
where a gentle flow of water prevails.
9
143 114 90
10 159 126 100 80
11 175 139 111 88
12 191 152 121 96
13 207 164 131 104 82
• Stick the colour matching scale to the
14 223 177 141 112 89
outside of the front pane.
9. Information on the CO
Please note: As the CO
takes some time to
2
The CO
Flipper is a modern, highly effective CO
2
diffuse into the indicator, the colouring of
most efficient possible use of valuable CO
the indicator always responds to changes in
ning of the CO
bubbles then rise slowly in the Flipper, in the course of which the CO
in small steps spread over several days until the
, some of which forms carbonic acid when it
2
• Measure the carbonate hardness of the
2 days. Initially, the individual CO
aquarium water (tests available from
A biological surface layer of microorganisms soon forms in the Flipper,
specialist retailers).
however. This ensures that the individual CO
• Stick an appropriate colour matching scale
Flipper up to the collector without combining.
to the outside of the front pane.
Care and maintenance
The pH value of the aquarium water can
10. Replacing the CO
now be read directly from the colour scale.
• Remove protective cap from needle valve. Close needle valve by turning
in clockwise direction. Caution: Tighten only gently!
• Unscrew pressure reducer from CO
der. Note: You may notice a brief "hiss" when screwing or unscrewing the
content in the aquarium
2
pressure reducer, similar to the sound when you open a bottle of mineral
water.
content, carbonate hardness (CH)
2
• Reset number of bubbles. Refit protective cap on needle valve
New disposable CO
content from
2
TIP: Always keep a reserve CO
ficulties should you run out of CO
During prolonged periods out of use the pressure reducer should be
unscrewed. The valve of the disposable cylinder which still contains CO
close automatically.
CO
CO
correct
Not enough CO
2
2
2
pH-value
25
20
16
13
10
8
6
5
4
3
3
2
38
30
24
19
15
12 10
8
6
5
4
3
51
40
32
25
20
16 13
10
7
6
5
4
63
50
40
32
25
20 16
13
10
8
6
5
76
60
48
38
30
24 19
15
12
10
8
6
70
56
44
35
28 22
18
14
11
9
7
64
51
40
32 25
20
16
13
10
8
72
57
45
36 29
23
18
14
11
9
63
50
40 32
25
20
16
13
10
70
55
44 35
28
22
18
14
11
76
60
48 38
30
24
19
15
12
65
52 41
33
26
21
16
13
70
56 44
35
28
22
18
14
Flipper
2
diffusor which ensures the
2
. The CO
is released at the ope-
2
2
hose which is located at the bottom of the Flipper. The CO
2
2
dis-
2
solves in the aquarium water.
At the same time, other gases which are naturally dis-
solved in the aquarium water penetrate into the CO
2
bubbles. These so-called waste gases explain why the
bubbles do not dissolve completely, despite becoming
smaller as they rise in the aquarium water. The waste
gases are substantially lighter than the relatively heavy
CO
and thus accumulate in the collector at the top.
2
Here they are discharged regularly and automatically
via the specially developed waste gas vent.
The running-in period for the CO
Flipper is approx.
2
bubbles combine to form larger bubbles.
2
bubbles pass through the
2
cylinder
2
cylinder and screw onto new CO
cylin-
2
2
cylinders are available from specialist retailers.
2
cylinder. Then you won't encounter any dif-
2
at the weekend, for example.
2
will
2
17
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